Quick answer: Parliament decides. A bill is introduced in either the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. It is then discussed and may be sent to a Standing Committee. The Committee can suggest changes. After that, the bill is voted on in both Houses. Once passed by both and signed by the President, it becomes law.

Citizen role: We can participate by sending our views to the Standing Committee or the Ministry of Finance when they invite comments. Our feedback is part of the democratic process.

Official source: Parliament of India — loksabha.nic.in, rajyasabha.nic.in. For committee details, check the Parliament website under “Committees.”